Arthur posnansky 1873 1946, often called arturo, was a polish engineer, explorer and archaeologist. During his lifetime, posnansky was known as a prolific writer and researcher and for his active participation in the defense. Previously, in the early 1900s, bolivian engineer arthur posnansky, based on astronomical alignments, concluded that tiwanaku was constructed as early as 15,000 bc 17,000 bp, possibly even older and was not an original construction of the tiwanaku. Tiahuanaco or tiahuanacu is a precolumbian archaeological site in western bolivia near lake titicaca and one of the largest sites in south america. Chapter ii the temple of the sun kalasasaya, an inti huatana astronomical science in tihuanacu. The inca civilization of south america, unlike the mayan, was still at its height when conquistadors arrived. The book shipment was then at customs for a long time and, to my horror, was then destroyed. He dedicated nearly fifty years of his life to the study of the andean past, which resonates through the history of bolivian archaeology. Tiwanaku, ancient city of the gods in 1945, arthur posnansky estimated that tiwanaku dated to 15,000 bc, based on his archaeoastronomical techniques. Some scholars date the earliest remains found at the site to the early part of the. Open library is an open, editable library catalog, building towards a web page for every book ever published.
Pdf arthur posnansky, the czar of tiwanaku archaeology. Posnansky was one of the first modern explorers to examine the site but his hypothesis continues to have many supporters. In 1945 volumes i and ii and 1957 volumes iii and iv, posnansky s final and most important book, tihuanacu, the cradle of american man, was published. Read fragment of arthur posnansky book tihuanacu the cradle of american man we added to this post. Watch the mystery of puma punku full episode ancient aliens.
Incidents of travel and exploration in the land of the incase. Arthur posnansky eine praehistorische metropole in. Arthur posnansky wikipedia on the basis of the above length and width of the sanctum sanctorum, the index of the latter is 89 instead of the 91 of the exterior building of the second period. At tiwanaku we find some of the most advanced ancient stone cutting technology worldwide, showing an accuracy even greater than that of the ancient egyptian pyramid builders. Arthur posnansky and other early 20thcentury archaeologists claimed that its. Dec 24, 2019 arthur posnansky, followed by kurt bilau have proposed a date of circa bc as the date of fall of tiwanaku. While archaeologist date oldest pottery found on site to the i millennium bc pucara, and chiripa cultures, archaeoastronomical dating of the kalasasaya complex by arthur posnansky and german astronomer rolf muller revealed a date much older than those currently assumed.
A mixed spanish and english website f offers a number of interesting papers including a chapter from posnanskys book tiahuanaco. So beyond getting the book for some interesting photographs you would not need to including this book in things related to either tiwanaku or the inca. In 1945, arthur posnansky estimated that tiwanaku dated to 15,000 bc, based on his archaeoastronomical techniques. Arthur posnansky based upon surveying of sight lines within the kalasasaya before its.
Arthur posnansky 18731946 was a selftaught archaeologist who was born in vienna, although described as polish. On the one hand, he is hailed as the father of the south american. In this huge work he controversially claimed that tiahuanaco had been built around 0 bc. Tiwanaku culture and archaeological site, bolivia britannica. Beginning in the 1970s, carlos ponce sangines proposed the site was first occupied around 1580 bc, the sites oldest radiocarbon date. The main tiwanaku site was added to unescos world heritage list in 2000. Posnansky s dating of tiwanaku places the city well before any kind of civilisation existed. Posnansky also saw tiwanaku as the origin point of civilization throughout the americas, including the inca, the maya and others. The two different periods in the construction of kalasasaya. Arthur posnansky spent much of his life in bolivia, where he conducted 50 years research on tiwanaku.
T iwanaku t iahuanaco is an ancient city whose remains are located over two miles above sea level near the southern end of lake titicaca. Ancient ruins of tiwanacu and pumapunku world mysteries blog. Edmund kiss was a follower of the pseudoscience welteislehre world ice theory. According to posnansky, tiwanaku was founded more than 11450 years bc, also upon the remains of still older cities, which might date to the very dawn of human civilization. He dedicated nearly fifty years of his life to the study of. Posnansky based his estimate on the alignment of the kalasasaya temple stones. He was a naval officer, a businessman, and a scholar. He is best known for his work at tiahuanaco in the bolivian andes. Posnansky had been undertaking research at tiwanaku since the early 1900s and suggested that the temples built on the site predated the traditionally accepted date of 200 c. Ancient high technology full lecture join us in 2019 and experience for yourself. The german adventurer arthur posnansky explored tiwanaku in 1904 and, his 1945 monumental twovolume book attributed its decline to malign climate conditions. Tiwanaku shows all the signs of having been destroyed by a great cataclysm.
Posnansky, in two earlier books, proposed a prehistoric germanic migration to south america, a theory supported by edmund kiss. This was the same year that jim allen published his atlantis. Arthur posnansky 1873 1946 was an important contributor to bolivian culture history, being not only a pioneer in bolivian archaeology, but also in bolivian cinematography, in the development of the national park system, and in the introduction of the first automobile into bolivia. In it, he argued that tiwanaku was constructed approximately 17,000 years ago by american peoples, although not by the. Arthur posnansky, followed by kurt bilau have proposed a date of circa bc as the date of fall of tiwanaku. In it, posnansky argued that tiwanaku was constructed approximately 12,000 years ago by american peoples, although not by the ancestors of those then living in the area, the aymara.
He best remembered for popularizing the archaeological site of tiwanaku. South of lake titicaca, near lake poopo is pampa aullagus, a site identified by jim allen as the location of platos atlantis. In 1943 he published his best known ok, tiahuanaco. Tiwanaku, also spelled tiahuanaco or tiwanacu, major precolumbian civilization known from ruins of the same name that are situated near the southern shore of lake titicaca in bolivia. Posnansky used pseudoscientific astronomical calculations on one of the walls at the site to obtain this date. In 1945 volumes i and ii and 1957 volumes iii and iv, posnanskys final and most important book, tihuanacu, the cradle of american man, 3 4 was published. From 1910 to 1945, arthur posnansky maintained that the site was 11,00017,000 years old based on comparisons to geological eras and archaeoastronomy. In recognition of his accomplishments, the german government conferred on him an honorary title of professor in 1914. Carlos ponce sangines an intellectual biography of arthur posnansky 18731946, a pioneer in bolivian archeology who studied tiwanaku with a passion.
Arthur posnansky was the illustrious pioneer of tiwanaku archaeology, remembered as a quixotic, flamboyant, and swashbuckling character. Protzen, jeanpierre figure 6 kneeling statues from pokotia, seven miles to the southeast of tiwanaku. Tiwanaku also spelled tihuanaco or tiahuanacu is a precolumbian archaeological site located in the andes mountains, in bolivia. When the great andean lake was formed at the end of the last glacial period, the following phenomenon occured. Check out the new look and enjoy easier access to your favorite features. Posnanskys final and most important book, tihuanacu, the cradle of american man, was published, also in 1945. Jun 12, 2015 ancient astronaut theorist, giorgio tsoukalos explores one of the most compelling and mysterious locations on earth, puma punku.
In fact the book makes a tepid case of this link between tiwanaku and the inca. Apr 19, 2020 arthur posnansky enjoys a rather ambiguous status in contemporary bolivian archaeology. There are also reports of preincan structures submerged in titicaca d. Tourists to the archaeological site of tiwanaku are presented with ancient calendars, of which the gateway of the sun is the most important, famous, and beautiful. During his lifetime, posnansky was known as a prolific writer and researcher and for his active participation in the. Posnansky, and other writers such as graham hancock, zecharia sitchin and ivar zapp, have suggested that these findings and the astronomical alignments of the site, strongly point to the likelihood that the original tiahuanaco civilization flourished many thousands of years before the period assumed by conventional archaeologists. Oclcs webjunction has pulled together information and resources to assist library staff as they consider how to handle coronavirus.
When an austrian explorer named arthur posnansky performed a study on puma punku back in 1926 he put forward the idea that its one of the oldest archaeological sites on the face of earth dating back to at least,000 bc. Arthur posnansky enjoys a rather ambiguous status in contemporary bolivian archaeology. Little is known about the people who built tiwanaku since they had no known written language. Most of the claims made by alternative historians and pseudoarchaeologists revolve around the dating of tiwanaku, the advanced stonemasonry displayed in its construction and its apparent. Posnanskys final and most important book, tihuanacu, the cradle of american man, was published in 1945 volumes i and ii and 1957 volumes iii and iv. In it, posnansky argued that tiwanaku was constructed approximately 17,000 years ago by american peoples, although not by the ancestors of those then living in the area, the aymara. Indeed, the historical record confirms that andean climate can be malign. The age of the site has been significantly refined over the last century. Posnansky was known as a prolific writer and researcher. Ancient astronaut theorist, giorgio tsoukalos explores one of the most compelling and mysterious locations on earth, puma punku. If indeed, as is the case, there is some room for criticism in the first works of professor posnansky in the.
The ruins of tiahuanuco have been regarded by all students of american antiquities as in many respects the most interesting and important, and at the same time most enigmatical, of any on the continent. Arthur posnansky scientific research technology trends. Tihuanacu the cradle of american man, ebook, 1945 worldcat. He presumed that it was an old inca settlement like those the. May 22, 2018 the two statues sometimes referred to as peter and paul guard the entrance to the town of tiahuanacos church, but according to arthur posnansky, they originally come from pokotia. In 1945 volumes i and ii and 1957 volumes iii and iv, posnanskys final and most important book, tihuanacu, the cradle of american man, was published. Nov 01, 2007 first of all, tiwanaku is a mystery because of its age. Jun 14, 2019 when an austrian explorer named arthur posnansky performed a study on puma punku back in 1926 he put forward the idea that its one of the oldest archaeological sites on the face of earth dating back to at least,000 bc. In it, posnansky argued that tiwanaku was constructed approximately 15,000 bc page needed by american peoples, although not by the ancestors of those then living in the area, the aymara.
Arthur posnansky author see all formats and editions hide other formats and editions. Posnansky calculated the age of tiwanaku in the following manner, it has been noted that when the observer stands at the center of the west wall of kalasasaya of the second period, the north and south pillars of the east wall are so located that the sun would rise at the solstices on the outer corners of these pillars. Surface remains currently cover around 4 square kilometers and include decorated ceramics, monumental structures, and megalithic blocks. Tiahuanaco the baalbek of the new worldan excerpt from peru. Arthur posnansky, followed by kurt bilau have proposed a date of circa 9500 bc as the date of fall of tiwanaku. Welteislehre suggests that the earth and all other cosmic planetary bodies were made out of ice. The argument that tiahuanaco thrived more than 10 thousand years before the dates established by scientific testing was fostered by arthur posnansky in his book, tiahuanaco. Posnanskys ideas about tiwanaku having been a fullfledged city with a large permanent population, rather than only a seasonally occupied ceremonial center, and its abandonment having been the result of prehistoric climatic change are widely accepted in principle. The tiwanaku culture is a precursor to the inca empire, and is notable for its remarkable stonemasonry, architecture and sculpture. By dave truman arthur posnansky enjoys a rather ambiguous status in remains of tiwanaku tiahuanaco and the surrounding altiplano of the high andes.